Claude Annesley List of the Lord Annesley’s Claude may have inherited the Earldom, given a different set of circumstances.
Sep 1758 B[I] 1 William Annesley c 1710 12 Sep 1770
Created Baron Annesley 20 Sep 1758
and Viscount Glerawly 14 Nov 1766
12 Sep 1770 2 Francis Charles Annesley 27 Nov 1740 19 Dec 1802 62
17 Aug 1789 E[I] 1 Created Earl of Annesley 17 Aug 1789
19 Dec 1802 2 Richard Annesley 14 Apr 1745 9 Nov 1824 79
PC [I] 1798
9 Nov 1824 3 William Richard Annesley 16 Jul 1772 25 Aug 1838 66
MP for Downpatrick 1815-1820
25 Aug 1838 4 William Richard Annesley 21 Feb 1830 10 Aug 1874 44
MP for Grimsby 1852-1857
10 Aug 1874 5 Hugh Annesley 26 Jan 1831 15 Dec 1908 77
MP for Cavan 1857-1874
15 Dec 1908 6 Francis Annesley 25 Feb 1884 5 Nov 1914 30 This Earl fought in WW1 and was killed in Belgium
5 Nov 1914 7 Walter Beresford Annesley 10 Feb 1861 7 Jul 1934 73
7 Jul 1934 8 Beresford Cecil Bingham Annesley 4 Apr 1894 29 Jun 1957 63
29 Jun 1957 9 Robert Annesley 20 Feb 1900 21 Feb 1979 79
21 Feb 1979 10 Patrick Annesley 12 Aug 1924 2 Feb 2001 76
2 Feb 2001 11 Philip Harrison Annesley 29 Mar 1927
.
Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley (26 January 1831 - 15 December 1908) was a British military and Member of Parliament for County Cavan from 1857 to 1874.
He was the second son of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley.
He became a professional soldier and served in the Kaffir Wars in South Africa 1851-1853. He was wounded in this war, and in the Crimean War his jaw was shattered at the Battle of the Alma in 1854. He became Colonel of the Scots Fusilier Guards in 1860. In 1874 his brother William Richard Annesley, 4th Earl Annesley , died unmarried, and Hugh succeeded as 5th Earl Annesley . In 1877, he was elected as a Representative Peer, serving until his death.
He was a pioneering amateur photographer . Thirty-five albums of his photographs are in the Public Record Officeof Northern Ireland. They include pictures taken during the wars in South Africa and the Crimea, and during a visit to Japan , as well as photographs of his home, Castlewellan, and the surrounding area.
He married, first, Mabel Wilhelmina Frances Markham on 4 July 1877. He was 46 and she was 19. They had a daughter, Lady Mabel Annesley (1881-1959), who became well known as a water colour painter and wood engraver, and a son, Francis (born 25 February 1884). Francis became 6th Earl Annesley, but was killed in November 1914 in the First World War. Countess Mabel Annesley died at Castlewellan on 17 April 1891 (within three weeks of the death of Hugh's mother, The Dowager Countess Annesley, wife of the Third Earl, on 29 March 1891 .
He married, secondly, his first cousin, Priscilla Cecilia Armytage Moore (1870-1941) on 2 July 1892. He was 61 and she was 22. They had two daughters, Clare, born 30 June 1893, who became a pacifist and socialist, and Constance Mary, born 24 October 1895 who became Constance Malleson . Priscilla Cecilia, Countess Annesley, died at St James Square, Bath, on 9 October 1941. She was the second Countess Annesley of that name, her Aunt, the wife of the Third Earl, also having been Priscilla Cecilia.
He established an arboretum at Castlewellan, which has been described thus:
"In terms of size, age and condition of the trees, this collection ranks among the top three arboreta in the British Isles and the finest in Ireland." (Web site of the Forest Service of Northern Ireland).
An obituary appeared in The Times
Sep 1758 B[I] 1 William Annesley c 1710 12 Sep 1770
Created Baron Annesley 20 Sep 1758
and Viscount Glerawly 14 Nov 1766
12 Sep 1770 2 Francis Charles Annesley 27 Nov 1740 19 Dec 1802 62
17 Aug 1789 E[I] 1 Created Earl of Annesley 17 Aug 1789
19 Dec 1802 2 Richard Annesley 14 Apr 1745 9 Nov 1824 79
PC [I] 1798
9 Nov 1824 3 William Richard Annesley 16 Jul 1772 25 Aug 1838 66
MP for Downpatrick 1815-1820
25 Aug 1838 4 William Richard Annesley 21 Feb 1830 10 Aug 1874 44
MP for Grimsby 1852-1857
10 Aug 1874 5 Hugh Annesley 26 Jan 1831 15 Dec 1908 77
MP for Cavan 1857-1874
15 Dec 1908 6 Francis Annesley 25 Feb 1884 5 Nov 1914 30 This Earl fought in WW1 and was killed in Belgium
5 Nov 1914 7 Walter Beresford Annesley 10 Feb 1861 7 Jul 1934 73
7 Jul 1934 8 Beresford Cecil Bingham Annesley 4 Apr 1894 29 Jun 1957 63
29 Jun 1957 9 Robert Annesley 20 Feb 1900 21 Feb 1979 79
21 Feb 1979 10 Patrick Annesley 12 Aug 1924 2 Feb 2001 76
2 Feb 2001 11 Philip Harrison Annesley 29 Mar 1927
.
Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley (26 January 1831 - 15 December 1908) was a British military and Member of Parliament for County Cavan from 1857 to 1874.
He was the second son of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley.
He became a professional soldier and served in the Kaffir Wars in South Africa 1851-1853. He was wounded in this war, and in the Crimean War his jaw was shattered at the Battle of the Alma in 1854. He became Colonel of the Scots Fusilier Guards in 1860. In 1874 his brother William Richard Annesley, 4th Earl Annesley , died unmarried, and Hugh succeeded as 5th Earl Annesley . In 1877, he was elected as a Representative Peer, serving until his death.
He was a pioneering amateur photographer . Thirty-five albums of his photographs are in the Public Record Officeof Northern Ireland. They include pictures taken during the wars in South Africa and the Crimea, and during a visit to Japan , as well as photographs of his home, Castlewellan, and the surrounding area.
He married, first, Mabel Wilhelmina Frances Markham on 4 July 1877. He was 46 and she was 19. They had a daughter, Lady Mabel Annesley (1881-1959), who became well known as a water colour painter and wood engraver, and a son, Francis (born 25 February 1884). Francis became 6th Earl Annesley, but was killed in November 1914 in the First World War. Countess Mabel Annesley died at Castlewellan on 17 April 1891 (within three weeks of the death of Hugh's mother, The Dowager Countess Annesley, wife of the Third Earl, on 29 March 1891 .
He married, secondly, his first cousin, Priscilla Cecilia Armytage Moore (1870-1941) on 2 July 1892. He was 61 and she was 22. They had two daughters, Clare, born 30 June 1893, who became a pacifist and socialist, and Constance Mary, born 24 October 1895 who became Constance Malleson . Priscilla Cecilia, Countess Annesley, died at St James Square, Bath, on 9 October 1941. She was the second Countess Annesley of that name, her Aunt, the wife of the Third Earl, also having been Priscilla Cecilia.
He established an arboretum at Castlewellan, which has been described thus:
"In terms of size, age and condition of the trees, this collection ranks among the top three arboreta in the British Isles and the finest in Ireland." (Web site of the Forest Service of Northern Ireland).
An obituary appeared in The Times
Without a doubt searching the Annesley Family to find a relationship between Claude Annesley and his father Arthur Annesley and a link between the two to a small cutting in a diary started by Catherine Phillips and handed down to her daughter Katie, and comments written by Dale in a letter to his neice Lynn, where he identifies an Uncle of his fathers as being in the peerage, has proven to be very difficult.
The newspaper article identifies a wedding which took place in London between the Earl Annesley and Mrs Evelyn Harrison at the Savoy, on 14th September 1909. However the following information seems to provide a suitable explanation, and to join the links………
Countless searches of databases in England and in China have not revealed any births of a Claude Annesley father Arthur Annesley and mother Ellen Jennings, as all overseas births were registered.
Claude’s death certificate indicated his mothers name to be Mary not Ellen. There does not seem to be a birth certificate available. Around 1920’s London solicitors were searching for him as indicated in his War Records.
In some records Claude’s date of birth is 1881 and in others 1883. There is a probability that his mother was pregnant when Claude died. He may have been in the South African Wars, and died of his injuries at Cannes in South France.
From all the research, there is a very high probability that Claude’s mother was Clara Annesley, and as she died in 1884, when he was very young, he may have been brought up by an Ellen Jennings. His grandparents on his mother’s side were deceased at the time of his birth.
The story commences with the 3rd Earl of Annesley. Futher searches on the internet will uncover a myriad of information.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_Earl_Annesley.jpg>
Arms of the Earl Annesley
Earl Annesley, of Castlewellan in the County of Down, is a title in the Peerage of Ireland . It was created on 17 August 1789 for Francis Annesley,,_1st_Earl_Annesley, with special remainder to his younger brother the Hon. Richard Annesley. He had previously represented Downpatrick Parliament_of_Ireland_ in the Irish House of Commons . The titles of Baron Annesley, of Castlewellan in the County of Down , and Viscount Glerawly, in the County of Fermanagh, were created in the Peerage of Ireland on 20 September 1758 and 14 November 1766 respectively for his father William Annesley, who sat as Member of the Irish Parliament for Midleton . Annesley was the sixth son of the Hon. Francis Annesley, fourth son of Francis Annesley, 1st Viscount Valentia.
The first Earl Annesley had several illegitimate children but no legitimate issue. He was succeeded (in the earldom according to the special remainder) by his younger brother, the second Earl. He had earlier represented seven different constituencies in the Irish Parliament and served as a Commissioner of Customs for Ireland. His eldest son, the third Earl, sat in the British House of Commons as the representative for Downpatrick . On his death the titles passed to his eldest son, the fourth Earl. He sat as Conservative Member of Parliament for Great Grimsby and was an Irish Representative Peer in the House of Lords from 1857 to 1874.
He never married and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fifth Earl. He was a soldier and also represented County Cavan in Parliament as a Conservative. Between 1877 and 1908 he sat in the House of Lords as an Irish Representative Peer. His line of the family failed on the death of his only son, the sixth Earl, who was killed during the First World War
. The late Earl was succeeded by his first cousin, the seventh Earl. He was the son of the Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley, sixth son of the third Earl. This line of the family failed in 1957 on the death of his son, the eighth Earl. He was succeeded by his third cousin once removed, the ninth Earl. He was the great-great-grandson of the Hon. Robert Annesley, second son of the second Earl. As of 2008 the titles are held by the ninth Earl's second son, the eleventh Earl, who succeeded his elder brother in 2001. As a descendant of the first Viscount Valentia Lord Annesley is also in remainder to this peerage and its subsidiary titles.
In 2007 many of the Earl Annesley's effects, remainder from the auction at Castlewellan in the 1960s, were sold at auction on-site at Shimna House, Newcastle, County Down, in the wake of the death of Mr. Gerald Annesley - son of Lady Mabel, heir to the estate. Amongst the items sold was a portrait of the Countess Annesley, which reached £23,000.
The present Earl was born on 29 March 1927 and educated at Strodes Grammar School, . He served in the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers and married Florence Johnston in 1951. He lives in Crawley , West Sussex . [
The family surname is pronounced "Anzlee".
Earls Annesley (1789)
·Francis Charles Annesley, 1st Earl Annesley 1st_Earl_Annesley&action=edit&redlink=1> (1740-1802)
·Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley (1745-1824)
·William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley (1772-1838)
·William Richard Annesley, 4th Earl Annesley (1830-1874)
·Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley (1831-1908) (Arthur’s brother)
·Francis Annesley, 6th Earl Annesley (1884-1914) (Arthur’s nephew son of Hugh)
·Walter Beresford Annesley, 7th Earl Annesley (1861-1934) (Arthur’s brother)
·Beresford Cecil Bingham Annesley, 8th Earl Annesley (1894-1957) (Arthur’s nephew)
·Robert Annesley, 9th Earl Annesley (1900-1979)
·Patrick Annesley, 10th Earl Annesley (1924-2001)
·Philip Harrison Annesley, 11th Earl Annesley (b. 1927)
The Heir Presumptiveis the present holder's brother the Hon. Michael Robert Annesley (b. 1933)
The Heir Presumptive's Heir Apparent is his son Michael Stephen Annesley (b. 1957)
The Heir Presumptive's Heir Apparent's Heir Apparent is his son Michael David Annesley (b. 1984)
William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley1
M, #11636, b. 16 July 1772, d. 25 August 1838
William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley. 16 Jul 1772\nd. 25 Aug 1838|p1164.htm#i11636|Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley|b. 14 Apr 1745\nd. 9 Nov 1824|p3100.htm#i30995|Anne Lambert|b. 1752\nd. 30 Jun 1822|p8215.htm#i82150|William Annesley, 1st Viscount Glerawly|b. c 1710\nd. 12 Sep 1770|p11030.htm#i110297|Lady Anne Beresford|d. 12 May 1770|p2684.htm#i26832|Robert Lambert||p8216.htm#i82151|Alice Vaughan||p1164.htm#i11632|
Last Edited=30 Oct 2004
William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley was born on 16 July 1772.1 He was the son of Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley and Anne Lambert He married, firstly, Lady Isabella St. Lawrence , daughter of William St. Lawrence, 2nd Earl of Howth and Lady Mary Bermingham , on 19 May 1803.1 He and Lady Isabella St. Lawrence were divorced on 8 June 1821 by Act of Parliament, after she eloped with Lt. Henry John Burn.1 He married, secondly, Priscilla Cecilia Moore , daughter of Colonel Hugh Moore and Priscilla Cecilia Armitage , on 15 July 1828.1 He died on 25 August 1838 at age 66 at Oriel Lodge, Cheltenham, London, England He was buried on 1 September 1838.1 His will (dated 29 June 1836 to 16 August 1838) was probated on 2 October 1838.
1
William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Whig) for Downpatrick between 1815 and 1820.1 He held the office of Sheriff of County Down in 1822.1 He succeeded to the title of 4th Baron Annesley, of Castle Wellan, co. Down [I., 1758] on 9 November 1824.1 He succeeded to the title of 3rd Earl Annesley, of Castlewellan, co. Down [I., 1789] on 9 November 1824.1 He succeeded to the title of 4th Viscount Glerawly, of co. Fermanagh [I., 1766] on 9 November 1824.1
Child of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley and Lady Isabella St. Lawrence >
·Lady Mary Annesley d. 1837
Children of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley and Priscilla Cecilia Moore
·William Richard Annesley, 4th Earl Annesley 1 b. 21 Feb 1830, d. 10 Aug 1874
·Lt.-Col. Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley +3 b. 26 Jan 1831, d. 15 Dec 1908
·Hon. Robert John Annesley 4 b. 15 Feb 1834, d. 28 Sep 1854
·Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley 4 b. 20 Sep 1835, d. 25 Apr 1881 (Believed to be Claude’s father)
·Hon. George Annesley 4 b. 22 Feb 1837, d. 4 Sep 1903
·Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley >+5 b. 29 Nov 1838, d. 20 Jul 1875
Citations
1. G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume I, page 171. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
2.] Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, 2 volumes (Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), volume 1, page 83, says 10 December. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition.
3.Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume I, page 172.
4.Charles Mosley, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, volume 1, page 83.
5.Peter W. Hammond, editor, The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Volume XIV: Addenda & Corrigenda (Stroud, Gloucestershire, U.K.: Sutton Publishing, 1998), page 30. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage, Volume XIV.
Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley1
6.M, #12481, b. 20 September 1835, d. 25 April 1881
7.Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley|b. 20 Sep 1835\nd. 25 Apr 1881|p1249.htm#i12481|William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley|b. 16 Jul 1772\nd. 25 Aug 1838|p1164.htm#i11636|Priscilla Cecilia Moore|b. 8 Sep 1808\nd. 29 Mar 1891|p1164.htm#i11639|Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley|b. 14 Apr 1745\nd. 9 Nov 1824|p3100.htm#i30995|Anne Lambert|b. 1752\nd. 30 Jun 1822|p8215.htm#i82150|Colonel Hugh Moore|b. 1762\nd. 29 Jul 1848|p1164.htm#i11640|Priscilla C. Armitage||p1165.htm#i11649|
8.
Last Edited=26 Aug 2003
9. Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley was born on 20 September 1835.1 He was the son of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley and Priscilla Cecilia Moore .1 He married Clara Weston daughter of George Weston <http://thepeerage.com/p1249.htm>, in November 1867.1 He died on 25 April 1881 at age 45, without issue.1
Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley gained the rank of Captain in the service of the Grenadier Guards.1
Captain Arthur Annesley died in 1881 at Cannes, South France.
Clara Annesley became known as The Hon. Mrs Arthur Annesley and lived at 7 St George Square, London SW. She died in 1884.
1880-81 WarThe Grenadier Guards were in this War
After Transvaal formally declared independence from the United Kingdom, the war began on 16 December 1880 with shots fired by Transvaal Boers at Potchefstroom . This led to the action at Bronkhorstspruit on 20 December 1880, where the Boers ambushed and destroyed a British Army convoy . From 22 December 1880 to 6 January 1881, British army all over the Transvaal became besieged
Although generally called a war, the actual engagements were of a relatively minor nature considering the few men involved on both sides and the short duration of the combat, lasting some ten weeks of sporadic action.
The fiercely independent Boers had no regular army; when danger threatened, all the men in a district would form a militia organized into military units called commandos and would elect officers. Being civilian militia, each man wore what they wished, usually everyday neutral or earthtone khaki farming clothes such as a jacket, trousers and slouch hat. Each man brought his own weapon, usually a hunting rifle, and his own horses. The average Boer citizens who made up their commandos were farmers who had spent almost all their working life in the saddle, and, because they had to depend on both their horse and their rifle for almost all of their meat, they were skilled hunters and expert marksmen
Most of the Boers had single-shot breech loading rifle such as the Westley Richards, the Martini-Henry, or the Remington Rolling Block. Only a few had repeaters like the Winchester or the Swiss Vetterli. As hunters they had learned to fire from cover, from a prone position and to make the first shot count, knowing that if they missed the game would be long gone. At community gatherings they often held target shooting competitions using targets such as hens eggs perched on posts over 100 yards away. The Boer commandos made for expert light cavalry, able to use every scrap of cover from which they could pour accurate and destructive fire at the British with their breech loading rifles.
The British infantry uniforms at that date were red jackets, blue trousers with red piping to the side, white pith helmets and pipe clayed equipment, a stark contrast to the African landscape. The Highlanders wore the kilt. The standard infantry weapon was the Martini Henry single shot breech loading rifle with a long sword bayonet. Gunners of the Royal Artillery wore blue jackets. This enabled the Boer marksmen to easily snipe at British troops from a distance. The Boers carried no bayonet leaving them at a substantial disadvantage in close combat, which they avoided so far as possible.
Drawing on years of experience of fighting frontier skirmishes, they relied more on mobility, stealth, marksmanship and initiative while the British emphasized the traditional military values of command, discipline, formation and synchronized firepower. The average British soldier was not trained to be a marksman and got little target practice. What shooting training British soldiers had was mainly as a unit firing in volleys on command.
At the first battle at Bronkhorstspruit Lieutenant-Colonel Anstruther and 120 men of the 94th Foot (Connaught Rangers) were dead or wounded by Boer fire within minutes of the first shots. Boer losses totaled 2 killed and 5 wounded. This mainly Irish regiment was marching westward toward Pretoria, led by Lieutenant-Colonel Anstruther, when halted by a Boer commando group. Its leader, Piet Joubert, ordered Anstruther and the column to turn back stating that the territory was now again a Boer Republic and therefore any further advance by the British would be deemed an act of war. Anstruther refused and ordered that ammunition be distributed. The Boers opened fire and the ambushed British troops were annihilated. With the majority of his troops dead or wounded, the dying Anstruther ordered surrender.
The Boer uprising caught by surprise the six small British forts scattered around Transvaal, housing some 2,000 troops between them, including irregulars with as few as fifty men at Lydenburg in the east where Anstruther had just left. Being isolated, and with so few troops, all the forts could do was prepare for sieges, and wait to be relieved. The other five forts, with a minimum of fifty miles between any two, were at Wakkerstroom and Standerton in the south, Marabastadt in the north and Potchefstroom and Rustenburg in the west.
The three main engagements of the war were all within about sixteen miles of each other, centred on the Battles of Laing’s Nek (28/1/81), Ingogo River (8/2/81) and the rout at Majuba Hill (27/2/81). These battles were the outcome of Major-GeneralSir George Pomeroy Colley ’s attempts to relieve the besieged forts. Although Colley had requested reinforcements these would not reach him until mid-February. He was, however, convinced that the garrisons would not survive until then. Consequently, at Newcastle, near the Transvaal border he mustered a relief column (the Natal Field Force) of available men although this amounted to only 1,200 men. Colley’s force was further weakened in that few were mounted, a serious disadvantage in the terrain and type of warfare. Most Boers were mounted and good riders. Nonetheless, Colley’s force set out on 24 January 1881 northward for Laing’s Nek on route to relieve Wakkerstroom and Standerton, the nearest forts.
At the Battle of Laing's Nek on 28 January 1881, the Natal Field Force under Major-General Sir George Pomeroy Colley attempted with cavalry and infantry attacks to break through the Boer positions on the Drakensberg mountain range to relieve their garrisons. The British were repulsed with heavy losses by the Boers under the command of Piet Joubert. Of the 480 British troops who made the charges, 150 never returned. Furthermore, sharpshooting Boers had killed or wounded many senior officers.
Further actions included the Battle of Schuinshoogte (also known as Ingogo) on 8 February 1881, where another British force barely escaped destruction. Major-General Sir George Pomeroy Colley had sought refuge with the Natal Field Force at Mount Prospect, three miles to the south to await reinforcements. However, Colley was soon back into action. On the 7th February a mail escort on its way to Newcastle had been attacked by the Boers and forced back to Mount Prospect. The next day Colley, determined to keep his supplies and communication route open, escorted the mail wagon personally and this time with a larger escort. The Boer attacked the convoy at the Ingogo River crossing, but with a stronger force of some 300 men. The fire-power was evenly matched and the fight continued for several hours, but the Boer marksmen dominated the action until darkness and a storm permitted Colley and the remainder of his troops to retreat back to Mount Prospect. In this engagement the British lost 139 officers and men, half the original force that had set out to escort the mail convoy.
On 14 February hostilities were suspended, awaiting the outcome of peace negotiations initiated by an offer from Kruger. During this time Colley’s promised reinforcements arrived with more to follow. The British government in the meantime had offered a Royal Commission investigation and possible troop withdrawal, and their attitude toward the Boers was conciliatory. Colley was critical of this stance and, whilst waiting for Kruger’s final agreement, decided to attack again with a view to enabling the British government to negotiate from a position of strength. Unfortunately this resulted in the disaster of the Battle of Majuba Hill on 27 February 1881, the greatest humiliation for the British.
On 26 February 1881, Colley led a night march of some 360 men to the top of Majuba Hill that overlooked the main Boer position. Early the next morning the Boers saw Colley occupying the summit, and started to ascend the hill. The Boers, shooting accurately and using all available natural cover, advanced toward the trapped British position.
Several Boer groups stormed the hill and drove off the British at great cost to the British, including the loss of Major-General Colley. Many of the British were killed or wounded, some falling to their deaths down the mountain. This had such an impact that during the Second Boer War , one of the British slogans was "Remember Majuba." The Boers suffered only one killed and five wounded.
Hostilities continued until 6 March 1881, when a truce was declared, ironically on the same terms that Colley had disparaged. The Transvaal forts had endured, contrary to Colley’s forecast, with the sieges being generally uneventful, the Boers content to wait for hunger and sickness to strike. The forts had suffered only light casualties as an outcome of sporadic engagements, except at Potchefstroom, where twenty-four were killed, and seventeen at Pretoria, in each case resulting from occasional raids on Boer positions.
Although the Boers exploited their advantages to the full, their unconventional tactics, marksman skills and mobility do not fully explain the heavy losses of the British. Like the Boers, British soldiers were equipped with breech-loading rifles (the Martini-Henry) but they were (unlike the Boers) professionals and the British Army had previously fought campaigns in difficult terrains and against elusive enemy such as the tribesmen of the Northern Territories in modern day Afghanistan. Much of the blame can be laid at the feet of the British command and Major-General Sir George Pomeroy Colley , in particular, but poor intelligence and bad communications played their part. At Laing’s Nek it seems that Colley not only underestimated the Boer capabilities, but had been misinformed of- and was surprised by the strength of the Boers forces. The confrontation at Ingogo Nek was perhaps rash, given that reserves were on their way, and Colley had by then experienced the Boer strength and capabilities. Indeed, questions must also be asked as to whether the convoy should have proceeded at all when it was known to be vulnerable to attack, and whether it was necessary for Colley himself to take command of the British guard. Colley's decision to initiate the attack at Majuba Hill when truce discussions were already underway appears to have been foolhardy particularly as there was limited strategic value, as the Boer positions were out of rifle range from the summit. Once the Battle of Majuba Hill was under way, Colley’s command and understanding of the dire situation seemed to deteriorate as the day went on, as he sent unclear signals to the British forces at Mount Prospect by heliograph first requesting reinforcements and the next stating that the Boers were retreating. The consequences of the poor leadership, intelligence and communications were the deaths of many British soldiers.
1881 Peace
The British government of William Gladstone was conciliatory as it realised that any further action would require substantial troop reinforcements, and it was likely that the war would be costly, messy and protracted. Unwilling to get bogged down in a distant war with apparently minimal returns (the Transvaal at the time had no known mineral resources, or other significant resources, being essentially a cattle and sheep agricultural economy), the British government ordered a truce
Under instructions from the British government, Sir Evelyn Wood (who had replaced Colley upon his death on 27 February 1881) signed an armistice to end the war, and subsequently a peace treaty was signed with Kruger at O'Neil's Cottage on 6 March. In the final peace treaty on 23 March 1881, the British agreed to Boer self-government in the Transvaal under a theoretical British oversight, the Boers accepting the Queen’s nominal rule and British control over African affairs and native districts. A three-man Royal Commission drew up the Pretoria Convention which was ratified on 25 October 1881, by the Transvaal Volksraad (parliament). This led to the withdrawal of the last British troops.
When in 1886 a second major mineral find was made at an outcrop on a large ridge some thirty miles south of the Boer capital at Pretoria, it reignited British imperial interests. The ridge, known locally as the "Witwatersrand" (literally "white water ridge" - a watershed) contained the world's largest deposit of gold-bearing ore. Although it was not as rich as gold finds in Canada and Australia, its consistency made it especially well-suited to industrial mining methods.
By 1899, when tensions erupted once more into the Second Boer War the lure of gold made it worth committing the resources of the British Empire and incurring the huge costs required to win that war.
6th Earl Annesley Francis Annesley nephew of Arthur Annesley
Francis Annesley, 6th Earl of Annesley, was the only son of the 5th Earl and his first wife, Mabel Markham.
He was born on February 25, 1884 at Castlewellan, Kilmegan, County Down, Ireland. On February 14, 1909
he married Evelyn Hester Mundy. They'd no children.
This is the same wedding as in Katies Diary (wrong month in this article)
He was a sub-lieutenant in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve. Later he joined the Royal Flying Corps. He was
last seen alive on November 6, 1914 leaving England in his plane bound for France. He was never seen again.
Between 1884 and 1908 he was styled as Viscount Glerawly. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College,
Cambridge. He succeeded as Earl on December 15, 1908. Before obtaining his age of majority he sailed from
Liverpool to Vancouver, around Cape Horn, serving as a sailor . Later he crossed the Atlantic on board a
three-masted schooner yacht Karina as one of the guests of Robert E. Todd of the New York Yacht club.
Prior to joining the Royal Flying car he distinguished himself with his armed motorcar in helping to check the advance of the Germans upon Brussels and Antwerp. At the time of his death his annual income was estimated at $200,000 per year. Estate, family and political papers of the Annesley Family, Viscounts Glerawly and Earls Annesley, of Castlewellan, Co. Down, 1560-1565, c. 1620-1916. Containing approx. 1500 items, the collection provides important and unique documentation relating to the family, its lands and place in society.
In addition to the range of title deeds, leases and legal papers, maps, plans etc charting the development of the Family’s various estates in Counties Down, Cavan, Meath and Queen’s Counties, which are typical of such collections, the Annesley Papers include a range of important political papers dating back to the late 16th century. These comprise: a volume of accounts, 1560-65, of Sir William Fitzwilliam as Vice-Treasurer and Receiver-General for Ireland re the settlement of Ireland; 3 volumes of papers, c.1660-9, of his successor in these offices, Arthur Annesley (1614-86), 1st Earl of Anglesey, relating to civil and military lists, crown rents; Customs and Excise; Petty's Down Survey; journals of Parliament etc.; 22 volumes of a version of the Books of Survey and Distribution, 1676-8; papers of Francis Annesley, MP in both the English and Irish Parliaments of Thorganby, Yorks, and Castlewellan comprising: minutes, reports, petitions, tithe details, accounts etc. of the Commissioners of Inquiry into the Forfeited Estates (1699) and Trustees for the Sale of the Forfeited Estates (1700-3).
Other papers of note include the law student notebooks of Richard, 2nd Earl Annesley (d.1824) and Customs and Excise papers, 1673-1810; estate letter-books, 1838-87, relating to estates in Castlewellan, Newcastle, Co. Cavan, Co. Meath and Queen's County of William Richard, 4th Earl Annesley (1830-74), and accounts of the Castlewellan Yeomanry, 1810-19; 35 photograph albums started in 1855 depicting scenes around the Mournes, the Kaffir and Crimean Wars (the largest and most important collection of early photographs in NI) of Hugh, 5th Earl Annesley, and also his dairies; war and holiday diaries of Francis, Viscount Glerawly, later 6th Earl Annesley. The archive also includes family and estate papers, 1641-1879, of the Annesleys of Bletchington, Oxon, whose family property was in Co. Kildare.
Francis Annesley, 6th Earl Annesley (1884-1914), Sub-Lieutenant
Francis Annesley, 6th Earl Annesley by Alexander Bassano
half-plate glass negative, circa 1893
The newspaper article identifies a wedding which took place in London between the Earl Annesley and Mrs Evelyn Harrison at the Savoy, on 14th September 1909. However the following information seems to provide a suitable explanation, and to join the links………
Countless searches of databases in England and in China have not revealed any births of a Claude Annesley father Arthur Annesley and mother Ellen Jennings, as all overseas births were registered.
Claude’s death certificate indicated his mothers name to be Mary not Ellen. There does not seem to be a birth certificate available. Around 1920’s London solicitors were searching for him as indicated in his War Records.
In some records Claude’s date of birth is 1881 and in others 1883. There is a probability that his mother was pregnant when Claude died. He may have been in the South African Wars, and died of his injuries at Cannes in South France.
From all the research, there is a very high probability that Claude’s mother was Clara Annesley, and as she died in 1884, when he was very young, he may have been brought up by an Ellen Jennings. His grandparents on his mother’s side were deceased at the time of his birth.
The story commences with the 3rd Earl of Annesley. Futher searches on the internet will uncover a myriad of information.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_Earl_Annesley.jpg>
Arms of the Earl Annesley
Earl Annesley, of Castlewellan in the County of Down, is a title in the Peerage of Ireland . It was created on 17 August 1789 for Francis Annesley,,_1st_Earl_Annesley, with special remainder to his younger brother the Hon. Richard Annesley. He had previously represented Downpatrick Parliament_of_Ireland_ in the Irish House of Commons . The titles of Baron Annesley, of Castlewellan in the County of Down , and Viscount Glerawly, in the County of Fermanagh, were created in the Peerage of Ireland on 20 September 1758 and 14 November 1766 respectively for his father William Annesley, who sat as Member of the Irish Parliament for Midleton . Annesley was the sixth son of the Hon. Francis Annesley, fourth son of Francis Annesley, 1st Viscount Valentia.
The first Earl Annesley had several illegitimate children but no legitimate issue. He was succeeded (in the earldom according to the special remainder) by his younger brother, the second Earl. He had earlier represented seven different constituencies in the Irish Parliament and served as a Commissioner of Customs for Ireland. His eldest son, the third Earl, sat in the British House of Commons as the representative for Downpatrick . On his death the titles passed to his eldest son, the fourth Earl. He sat as Conservative Member of Parliament for Great Grimsby and was an Irish Representative Peer in the House of Lords from 1857 to 1874.
He never married and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fifth Earl. He was a soldier and also represented County Cavan in Parliament as a Conservative. Between 1877 and 1908 he sat in the House of Lords as an Irish Representative Peer. His line of the family failed on the death of his only son, the sixth Earl, who was killed during the First World War
. The late Earl was succeeded by his first cousin, the seventh Earl. He was the son of the Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley, sixth son of the third Earl. This line of the family failed in 1957 on the death of his son, the eighth Earl. He was succeeded by his third cousin once removed, the ninth Earl. He was the great-great-grandson of the Hon. Robert Annesley, second son of the second Earl. As of 2008 the titles are held by the ninth Earl's second son, the eleventh Earl, who succeeded his elder brother in 2001. As a descendant of the first Viscount Valentia Lord Annesley is also in remainder to this peerage and its subsidiary titles.
In 2007 many of the Earl Annesley's effects, remainder from the auction at Castlewellan in the 1960s, were sold at auction on-site at Shimna House, Newcastle, County Down, in the wake of the death of Mr. Gerald Annesley - son of Lady Mabel, heir to the estate. Amongst the items sold was a portrait of the Countess Annesley, which reached £23,000.
The present Earl was born on 29 March 1927 and educated at Strodes Grammar School, . He served in the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers and married Florence Johnston in 1951. He lives in Crawley , West Sussex . [
The family surname is pronounced "Anzlee".
Earls Annesley (1789)
·Francis Charles Annesley, 1st Earl Annesley 1st_Earl_Annesley&action=edit&redlink=1> (1740-1802)
·Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley (1745-1824)
·William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley (1772-1838)
·William Richard Annesley, 4th Earl Annesley (1830-1874)
·Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley (1831-1908) (Arthur’s brother)
·Francis Annesley, 6th Earl Annesley (1884-1914) (Arthur’s nephew son of Hugh)
·Walter Beresford Annesley, 7th Earl Annesley (1861-1934) (Arthur’s brother)
·Beresford Cecil Bingham Annesley, 8th Earl Annesley (1894-1957) (Arthur’s nephew)
·Robert Annesley, 9th Earl Annesley (1900-1979)
·Patrick Annesley, 10th Earl Annesley (1924-2001)
·Philip Harrison Annesley, 11th Earl Annesley (b. 1927)
The Heir Presumptiveis the present holder's brother the Hon. Michael Robert Annesley (b. 1933)
The Heir Presumptive's Heir Apparent is his son Michael Stephen Annesley (b. 1957)
The Heir Presumptive's Heir Apparent's Heir Apparent is his son Michael David Annesley (b. 1984)
William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley1
M, #11636, b. 16 July 1772, d. 25 August 1838
William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley. 16 Jul 1772\nd. 25 Aug 1838|p1164.htm#i11636|Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley|b. 14 Apr 1745\nd. 9 Nov 1824|p3100.htm#i30995|Anne Lambert|b. 1752\nd. 30 Jun 1822|p8215.htm#i82150|William Annesley, 1st Viscount Glerawly|b. c 1710\nd. 12 Sep 1770|p11030.htm#i110297|Lady Anne Beresford|d. 12 May 1770|p2684.htm#i26832|Robert Lambert||p8216.htm#i82151|Alice Vaughan||p1164.htm#i11632|
Last Edited=30 Oct 2004
William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley was born on 16 July 1772.1 He was the son of Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley and Anne Lambert He married, firstly, Lady Isabella St. Lawrence , daughter of William St. Lawrence, 2nd Earl of Howth and Lady Mary Bermingham , on 19 May 1803.1 He and Lady Isabella St. Lawrence were divorced on 8 June 1821 by Act of Parliament, after she eloped with Lt. Henry John Burn.1 He married, secondly, Priscilla Cecilia Moore , daughter of Colonel Hugh Moore and Priscilla Cecilia Armitage , on 15 July 1828.1 He died on 25 August 1838 at age 66 at Oriel Lodge, Cheltenham, London, England He was buried on 1 September 1838.1 His will (dated 29 June 1836 to 16 August 1838) was probated on 2 October 1838.
1
William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley held the office of Member of Parliament (M.P.) (Whig) for Downpatrick between 1815 and 1820.1 He held the office of Sheriff of County Down in 1822.1 He succeeded to the title of 4th Baron Annesley, of Castle Wellan, co. Down [I., 1758] on 9 November 1824.1 He succeeded to the title of 3rd Earl Annesley, of Castlewellan, co. Down [I., 1789] on 9 November 1824.1 He succeeded to the title of 4th Viscount Glerawly, of co. Fermanagh [I., 1766] on 9 November 1824.1
Child of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley and Lady Isabella St. Lawrence >
·Lady Mary Annesley d. 1837
Children of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley and Priscilla Cecilia Moore
·William Richard Annesley, 4th Earl Annesley 1 b. 21 Feb 1830, d. 10 Aug 1874
·Lt.-Col. Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley +3 b. 26 Jan 1831, d. 15 Dec 1908
·Hon. Robert John Annesley 4 b. 15 Feb 1834, d. 28 Sep 1854
·Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley 4 b. 20 Sep 1835, d. 25 Apr 1881 (Believed to be Claude’s father)
·Hon. George Annesley 4 b. 22 Feb 1837, d. 4 Sep 1903
·Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley >+5 b. 29 Nov 1838, d. 20 Jul 1875
Citations
1. G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume I, page 171. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage.
2.] Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, 2 volumes (Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), volume 1, page 83, says 10 December. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition.
3.Cokayne, and others, The Complete Peerage, volume I, page 172.
4.Charles Mosley, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, volume 1, page 83.
5.Peter W. Hammond, editor, The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Volume XIV: Addenda & Corrigenda (Stroud, Gloucestershire, U.K.: Sutton Publishing, 1998), page 30. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage, Volume XIV.
Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley1
6.M, #12481, b. 20 September 1835, d. 25 April 1881
7.Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley|b. 20 Sep 1835\nd. 25 Apr 1881|p1249.htm#i12481|William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley|b. 16 Jul 1772\nd. 25 Aug 1838|p1164.htm#i11636|Priscilla Cecilia Moore|b. 8 Sep 1808\nd. 29 Mar 1891|p1164.htm#i11639|Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley|b. 14 Apr 1745\nd. 9 Nov 1824|p3100.htm#i30995|Anne Lambert|b. 1752\nd. 30 Jun 1822|p8215.htm#i82150|Colonel Hugh Moore|b. 1762\nd. 29 Jul 1848|p1164.htm#i11640|Priscilla C. Armitage||p1165.htm#i11649|
8.
Last Edited=26 Aug 2003
9. Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley was born on 20 September 1835.1 He was the son of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley and Priscilla Cecilia Moore .1 He married Clara Weston daughter of George Weston <http://thepeerage.com/p1249.htm>, in November 1867.1 He died on 25 April 1881 at age 45, without issue.1
Captain Hon. Arthur Annesley gained the rank of Captain in the service of the Grenadier Guards.1
Captain Arthur Annesley died in 1881 at Cannes, South France.
Clara Annesley became known as The Hon. Mrs Arthur Annesley and lived at 7 St George Square, London SW. She died in 1884.
1880-81 WarThe Grenadier Guards were in this War
After Transvaal formally declared independence from the United Kingdom, the war began on 16 December 1880 with shots fired by Transvaal Boers at Potchefstroom . This led to the action at Bronkhorstspruit on 20 December 1880, where the Boers ambushed and destroyed a British Army convoy . From 22 December 1880 to 6 January 1881, British army all over the Transvaal became besieged
Although generally called a war, the actual engagements were of a relatively minor nature considering the few men involved on both sides and the short duration of the combat, lasting some ten weeks of sporadic action.
The fiercely independent Boers had no regular army; when danger threatened, all the men in a district would form a militia organized into military units called commandos and would elect officers. Being civilian militia, each man wore what they wished, usually everyday neutral or earthtone khaki farming clothes such as a jacket, trousers and slouch hat. Each man brought his own weapon, usually a hunting rifle, and his own horses. The average Boer citizens who made up their commandos were farmers who had spent almost all their working life in the saddle, and, because they had to depend on both their horse and their rifle for almost all of their meat, they were skilled hunters and expert marksmen
Most of the Boers had single-shot breech loading rifle such as the Westley Richards, the Martini-Henry, or the Remington Rolling Block. Only a few had repeaters like the Winchester or the Swiss Vetterli. As hunters they had learned to fire from cover, from a prone position and to make the first shot count, knowing that if they missed the game would be long gone. At community gatherings they often held target shooting competitions using targets such as hens eggs perched on posts over 100 yards away. The Boer commandos made for expert light cavalry, able to use every scrap of cover from which they could pour accurate and destructive fire at the British with their breech loading rifles.
The British infantry uniforms at that date were red jackets, blue trousers with red piping to the side, white pith helmets and pipe clayed equipment, a stark contrast to the African landscape. The Highlanders wore the kilt. The standard infantry weapon was the Martini Henry single shot breech loading rifle with a long sword bayonet. Gunners of the Royal Artillery wore blue jackets. This enabled the Boer marksmen to easily snipe at British troops from a distance. The Boers carried no bayonet leaving them at a substantial disadvantage in close combat, which they avoided so far as possible.
Drawing on years of experience of fighting frontier skirmishes, they relied more on mobility, stealth, marksmanship and initiative while the British emphasized the traditional military values of command, discipline, formation and synchronized firepower. The average British soldier was not trained to be a marksman and got little target practice. What shooting training British soldiers had was mainly as a unit firing in volleys on command.
At the first battle at Bronkhorstspruit Lieutenant-Colonel Anstruther and 120 men of the 94th Foot (Connaught Rangers) were dead or wounded by Boer fire within minutes of the first shots. Boer losses totaled 2 killed and 5 wounded. This mainly Irish regiment was marching westward toward Pretoria, led by Lieutenant-Colonel Anstruther, when halted by a Boer commando group. Its leader, Piet Joubert, ordered Anstruther and the column to turn back stating that the territory was now again a Boer Republic and therefore any further advance by the British would be deemed an act of war. Anstruther refused and ordered that ammunition be distributed. The Boers opened fire and the ambushed British troops were annihilated. With the majority of his troops dead or wounded, the dying Anstruther ordered surrender.
The Boer uprising caught by surprise the six small British forts scattered around Transvaal, housing some 2,000 troops between them, including irregulars with as few as fifty men at Lydenburg in the east where Anstruther had just left. Being isolated, and with so few troops, all the forts could do was prepare for sieges, and wait to be relieved. The other five forts, with a minimum of fifty miles between any two, were at Wakkerstroom and Standerton in the south, Marabastadt in the north and Potchefstroom and Rustenburg in the west.
The three main engagements of the war were all within about sixteen miles of each other, centred on the Battles of Laing’s Nek (28/1/81), Ingogo River (8/2/81) and the rout at Majuba Hill (27/2/81). These battles were the outcome of Major-GeneralSir George Pomeroy Colley ’s attempts to relieve the besieged forts. Although Colley had requested reinforcements these would not reach him until mid-February. He was, however, convinced that the garrisons would not survive until then. Consequently, at Newcastle, near the Transvaal border he mustered a relief column (the Natal Field Force) of available men although this amounted to only 1,200 men. Colley’s force was further weakened in that few were mounted, a serious disadvantage in the terrain and type of warfare. Most Boers were mounted and good riders. Nonetheless, Colley’s force set out on 24 January 1881 northward for Laing’s Nek on route to relieve Wakkerstroom and Standerton, the nearest forts.
At the Battle of Laing's Nek on 28 January 1881, the Natal Field Force under Major-General Sir George Pomeroy Colley attempted with cavalry and infantry attacks to break through the Boer positions on the Drakensberg mountain range to relieve their garrisons. The British were repulsed with heavy losses by the Boers under the command of Piet Joubert. Of the 480 British troops who made the charges, 150 never returned. Furthermore, sharpshooting Boers had killed or wounded many senior officers.
Further actions included the Battle of Schuinshoogte (also known as Ingogo) on 8 February 1881, where another British force barely escaped destruction. Major-General Sir George Pomeroy Colley had sought refuge with the Natal Field Force at Mount Prospect, three miles to the south to await reinforcements. However, Colley was soon back into action. On the 7th February a mail escort on its way to Newcastle had been attacked by the Boers and forced back to Mount Prospect. The next day Colley, determined to keep his supplies and communication route open, escorted the mail wagon personally and this time with a larger escort. The Boer attacked the convoy at the Ingogo River crossing, but with a stronger force of some 300 men. The fire-power was evenly matched and the fight continued for several hours, but the Boer marksmen dominated the action until darkness and a storm permitted Colley and the remainder of his troops to retreat back to Mount Prospect. In this engagement the British lost 139 officers and men, half the original force that had set out to escort the mail convoy.
On 14 February hostilities were suspended, awaiting the outcome of peace negotiations initiated by an offer from Kruger. During this time Colley’s promised reinforcements arrived with more to follow. The British government in the meantime had offered a Royal Commission investigation and possible troop withdrawal, and their attitude toward the Boers was conciliatory. Colley was critical of this stance and, whilst waiting for Kruger’s final agreement, decided to attack again with a view to enabling the British government to negotiate from a position of strength. Unfortunately this resulted in the disaster of the Battle of Majuba Hill on 27 February 1881, the greatest humiliation for the British.
On 26 February 1881, Colley led a night march of some 360 men to the top of Majuba Hill that overlooked the main Boer position. Early the next morning the Boers saw Colley occupying the summit, and started to ascend the hill. The Boers, shooting accurately and using all available natural cover, advanced toward the trapped British position.
Several Boer groups stormed the hill and drove off the British at great cost to the British, including the loss of Major-General Colley. Many of the British were killed or wounded, some falling to their deaths down the mountain. This had such an impact that during the Second Boer War , one of the British slogans was "Remember Majuba." The Boers suffered only one killed and five wounded.
Hostilities continued until 6 March 1881, when a truce was declared, ironically on the same terms that Colley had disparaged. The Transvaal forts had endured, contrary to Colley’s forecast, with the sieges being generally uneventful, the Boers content to wait for hunger and sickness to strike. The forts had suffered only light casualties as an outcome of sporadic engagements, except at Potchefstroom, where twenty-four were killed, and seventeen at Pretoria, in each case resulting from occasional raids on Boer positions.
Although the Boers exploited their advantages to the full, their unconventional tactics, marksman skills and mobility do not fully explain the heavy losses of the British. Like the Boers, British soldiers were equipped with breech-loading rifles (the Martini-Henry) but they were (unlike the Boers) professionals and the British Army had previously fought campaigns in difficult terrains and against elusive enemy such as the tribesmen of the Northern Territories in modern day Afghanistan. Much of the blame can be laid at the feet of the British command and Major-General Sir George Pomeroy Colley , in particular, but poor intelligence and bad communications played their part. At Laing’s Nek it seems that Colley not only underestimated the Boer capabilities, but had been misinformed of- and was surprised by the strength of the Boers forces. The confrontation at Ingogo Nek was perhaps rash, given that reserves were on their way, and Colley had by then experienced the Boer strength and capabilities. Indeed, questions must also be asked as to whether the convoy should have proceeded at all when it was known to be vulnerable to attack, and whether it was necessary for Colley himself to take command of the British guard. Colley's decision to initiate the attack at Majuba Hill when truce discussions were already underway appears to have been foolhardy particularly as there was limited strategic value, as the Boer positions were out of rifle range from the summit. Once the Battle of Majuba Hill was under way, Colley’s command and understanding of the dire situation seemed to deteriorate as the day went on, as he sent unclear signals to the British forces at Mount Prospect by heliograph first requesting reinforcements and the next stating that the Boers were retreating. The consequences of the poor leadership, intelligence and communications were the deaths of many British soldiers.
1881 Peace
The British government of William Gladstone was conciliatory as it realised that any further action would require substantial troop reinforcements, and it was likely that the war would be costly, messy and protracted. Unwilling to get bogged down in a distant war with apparently minimal returns (the Transvaal at the time had no known mineral resources, or other significant resources, being essentially a cattle and sheep agricultural economy), the British government ordered a truce
Under instructions from the British government, Sir Evelyn Wood (who had replaced Colley upon his death on 27 February 1881) signed an armistice to end the war, and subsequently a peace treaty was signed with Kruger at O'Neil's Cottage on 6 March. In the final peace treaty on 23 March 1881, the British agreed to Boer self-government in the Transvaal under a theoretical British oversight, the Boers accepting the Queen’s nominal rule and British control over African affairs and native districts. A three-man Royal Commission drew up the Pretoria Convention which was ratified on 25 October 1881, by the Transvaal Volksraad (parliament). This led to the withdrawal of the last British troops.
When in 1886 a second major mineral find was made at an outcrop on a large ridge some thirty miles south of the Boer capital at Pretoria, it reignited British imperial interests. The ridge, known locally as the "Witwatersrand" (literally "white water ridge" - a watershed) contained the world's largest deposit of gold-bearing ore. Although it was not as rich as gold finds in Canada and Australia, its consistency made it especially well-suited to industrial mining methods.
By 1899, when tensions erupted once more into the Second Boer War the lure of gold made it worth committing the resources of the British Empire and incurring the huge costs required to win that war.
6th Earl Annesley Francis Annesley nephew of Arthur Annesley
Francis Annesley, 6th Earl of Annesley, was the only son of the 5th Earl and his first wife, Mabel Markham.
He was born on February 25, 1884 at Castlewellan, Kilmegan, County Down, Ireland. On February 14, 1909
he married Evelyn Hester Mundy. They'd no children.
This is the same wedding as in Katies Diary (wrong month in this article)
He was a sub-lieutenant in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve. Later he joined the Royal Flying Corps. He was
last seen alive on November 6, 1914 leaving England in his plane bound for France. He was never seen again.
Between 1884 and 1908 he was styled as Viscount Glerawly. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College,
Cambridge. He succeeded as Earl on December 15, 1908. Before obtaining his age of majority he sailed from
Liverpool to Vancouver, around Cape Horn, serving as a sailor . Later he crossed the Atlantic on board a
three-masted schooner yacht Karina as one of the guests of Robert E. Todd of the New York Yacht club.
Prior to joining the Royal Flying car he distinguished himself with his armed motorcar in helping to check the advance of the Germans upon Brussels and Antwerp. At the time of his death his annual income was estimated at $200,000 per year. Estate, family and political papers of the Annesley Family, Viscounts Glerawly and Earls Annesley, of Castlewellan, Co. Down, 1560-1565, c. 1620-1916. Containing approx. 1500 items, the collection provides important and unique documentation relating to the family, its lands and place in society.
In addition to the range of title deeds, leases and legal papers, maps, plans etc charting the development of the Family’s various estates in Counties Down, Cavan, Meath and Queen’s Counties, which are typical of such collections, the Annesley Papers include a range of important political papers dating back to the late 16th century. These comprise: a volume of accounts, 1560-65, of Sir William Fitzwilliam as Vice-Treasurer and Receiver-General for Ireland re the settlement of Ireland; 3 volumes of papers, c.1660-9, of his successor in these offices, Arthur Annesley (1614-86), 1st Earl of Anglesey, relating to civil and military lists, crown rents; Customs and Excise; Petty's Down Survey; journals of Parliament etc.; 22 volumes of a version of the Books of Survey and Distribution, 1676-8; papers of Francis Annesley, MP in both the English and Irish Parliaments of Thorganby, Yorks, and Castlewellan comprising: minutes, reports, petitions, tithe details, accounts etc. of the Commissioners of Inquiry into the Forfeited Estates (1699) and Trustees for the Sale of the Forfeited Estates (1700-3).
Other papers of note include the law student notebooks of Richard, 2nd Earl Annesley (d.1824) and Customs and Excise papers, 1673-1810; estate letter-books, 1838-87, relating to estates in Castlewellan, Newcastle, Co. Cavan, Co. Meath and Queen's County of William Richard, 4th Earl Annesley (1830-74), and accounts of the Castlewellan Yeomanry, 1810-19; 35 photograph albums started in 1855 depicting scenes around the Mournes, the Kaffir and Crimean Wars (the largest and most important collection of early photographs in NI) of Hugh, 5th Earl Annesley, and also his dairies; war and holiday diaries of Francis, Viscount Glerawly, later 6th Earl Annesley. The archive also includes family and estate papers, 1641-1879, of the Annesleys of Bletchington, Oxon, whose family property was in Co. Kildare.
Francis Annesley, 6th Earl Annesley (1884-1914), Sub-Lieutenant
Francis Annesley, 6th Earl Annesley by Alexander Bassano
half-plate glass negative, circa 1893
History
When the RFC was founded on April 13 1912, it was intended to encompass all military flying. The Navy, however, was not pleased at all forms of naval aviation being moved to an Army corps, and soon formed its own, unauthorised, flying branch with a training centre at Eastchurch. At the time, the Admiralty, known as the "Senior Service", had enough political clout to ensure that this act went completely unchallenged. The Royal Naval Air Service was officially recognised on July 1 1914.
By the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, the RNAS had more aircraft under its control than the RFC. The Navy maintained twelve airship stations around the coast of Britain from Longside, Aberdeenshire in the northeast to Anglesey in the west.
On April 1 1918 the RNAS was merged with the RFC to form the Royal Air Force.At the time of the merger, the Navy s air service had 67,000 officers and men, 2,949 aircraft, 103 airships and 126 coastal stations.
The RNAS squadrons were absorbed into the new structure, individual squadrons receiving new squadron numbers by effectively adding 200 to the number so No. 1 Squadron RNAS became No. 201 Squadron RAF
The Royal Navy regained its own air service in 1937 when the Naval Air Branch was returned to Admiralty control and renamed the Fleet Air Arm.
Roles and missions
The main roles of the RNAS were fleet reconnaissance, patrolling coasts for enemy ships and submarines, attacking enemy coastal territory and defending Britain from enemy air-raids. The RNAS systematically searched 4000 square miles of the Channel and the North Sea for U-boats. In 1917 alone, they sighted 175 U-boats and attacked 107. Because of the technology of the time the attacks were not very successful but the sightings greatly assisted the Navy s surface fleets in combatting the enemy submarines.
It was the RNAS which provided much of the mobile cover using armoured cars, during the withdrawal from Antwerp to the Yser, in 1914. Later in the war, squadrons of the RNAS were sent to France to directly support the RFC. The RNAS was also entrusted with the air defence of London. This led to its raids on airship stations in Germany, in places as far from the sea as Friedrichshafen.
Before techniques were developed for taking off and landing on ships, the RNAS had to use seaplanes in order to operate at sea. Beginning with experiments on the old cruiser HMS Hermes, special seaplane tenders were developed to support these aircraft. It was from these ships that a raid on Zeppelin bases at Cuxhaven and Wilhelmshaven was launched on Christmas Day of 1914. This was the first attack by ship-borne aircraft. A chain of coastal air stations was also constructed.
NoSurname
Rank
Service Number
Date Of Death
Age
Regiment/Service
Nationality
Grave/Memorial Ref.
Cemetery/Memorial Name
1 ANNESLEY , FRANCIS
Sub-Lieutenant 05/11/1914 30Royal Naval Air Service
United Kingdom8.CHATHAM NAVAL MEMORIAL
Page 1
The Royal Naval Air Service or RNAS was the air arm of the
Royal Navy until near the end of World War I, when it merged
with the British Army s RFC to form the RAF.
When the RFC was founded on April 13 1912, it was intended to encompass all military flying. The Navy, however, was not pleased at all forms of naval aviation being moved to an Army corps, and soon formed its own, unauthorised, flying branch with a training centre at Eastchurch. At the time, the Admiralty, known as the "Senior Service", had enough political clout to ensure that this act went completely unchallenged. The Royal Naval Air Service was officially recognised on July 1 1914.
By the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, the RNAS had more aircraft under its control than the RFC. The Navy maintained twelve airship stations around the coast of Britain from Longside, Aberdeenshire in the northeast to Anglesey in the west.
On April 1 1918 the RNAS was merged with the RFC to form the Royal Air Force.At the time of the merger, the Navy s air service had 67,000 officers and men, 2,949 aircraft, 103 airships and 126 coastal stations.
The RNAS squadrons were absorbed into the new structure, individual squadrons receiving new squadron numbers by effectively adding 200 to the number so No. 1 Squadron RNAS became No. 201 Squadron RAF
The Royal Navy regained its own air service in 1937 when the Naval Air Branch was returned to Admiralty control and renamed the Fleet Air Arm.
Roles and missions
The main roles of the RNAS were fleet reconnaissance, patrolling coasts for enemy ships and submarines, attacking enemy coastal territory and defending Britain from enemy air-raids. The RNAS systematically searched 4000 square miles of the Channel and the North Sea for U-boats. In 1917 alone, they sighted 175 U-boats and attacked 107. Because of the technology of the time the attacks were not very successful but the sightings greatly assisted the Navy s surface fleets in combatting the enemy submarines.
It was the RNAS which provided much of the mobile cover using armoured cars, during the withdrawal from Antwerp to the Yser, in 1914. Later in the war, squadrons of the RNAS were sent to France to directly support the RFC. The RNAS was also entrusted with the air defence of London. This led to its raids on airship stations in Germany, in places as far from the sea as Friedrichshafen.
Before techniques were developed for taking off and landing on ships, the RNAS had to use seaplanes in order to operate at sea. Beginning with experiments on the old cruiser HMS Hermes, special seaplane tenders were developed to support these aircraft. It was from these ships that a raid on Zeppelin bases at Cuxhaven and Wilhelmshaven was launched on Christmas Day of 1914. This was the first attack by ship-borne aircraft. A chain of coastal air stations was also constructed.
NoSurname
Rank
Service Number
Date Of Death
Age
Regiment/Service
Nationality
Grave/Memorial Ref.
Cemetery/Memorial Name
1 ANNESLEY , FRANCIS
Sub-Lieutenant 05/11/1914 30Royal Naval Air Service
United Kingdom8.CHATHAM NAVAL MEMORIAL
Page 1
The Royal Naval Air Service or RNAS was the air arm of the
Royal Navy until near the end of World War I, when it merged
with the British Army s RFC to form the RAF.
Chatham Naval Memorial
ANNESLEY, FRANCIS, Earl Of, Ty/Sub Lieutenant, RNVR, Royal Naval Air Service, 5 November 1914, air crash UK
NoSurnameRankService NumberDate Of DeathAgeRegiment/ServiceNationalityGrave/Memorial Ref.Cemetery/Memorial Name
1 ANNESLEY , FRANCIS Sub-Lieutenant 05/11/1914 30Royal Naval Air ServiceUnited Kingdom8.
CHATHAM NAVAL MEMORIAL Page 1
Cemetery Details
Cemetery:CHATHAM NAVAL MEMORIAL
Country:United Kingdom
Locality:Kent
Visiting Information:As a result of constant vandalism at the Memorial, the Commonwealth War Graves Commission has had to arrange for it to be regularly patrolled and public access limited to the period from 08.30 to 17.00. Should for any reason the Memorial be closed during the stated hours, please telephone the Guard Room at Brompton Barracks on 01634 822442 who will arrange for the gates to be opened. Any inconvenience to visitors is greatly regretted.
Location Information:From the Brompton Barracks Chatham - At the traffic signals turn right onto Globe Lane - A231 (signposted Historic Dockyards ). Keep in left hand lane then turn left onto Dock Road (signposted Gillingham). At roundabout take the 2nd exit onto Wood Street - A231 (signposted Gillingham). Turn Right on Mansion Row (The memorial is signposted from here), then 1st left on Sally Port Gardens and finally 1st right on King s Bastion. Follow road through the housing estate, the car park to the memorial is at the end of this road. The Memorial overlooks the town of Chatham and is approached by a steep path from the Town Hall Gardens. A copy of the Memorial Register is kept in the Naval Chapel of Brompton Garrison Church and may be consulted there. The keys to the church are held at the Gate House, which is always manned. Copies of the Memorial Register may also be consulted at: Chatham Library - Tel: 01634 843589 Medway Archives & Local Studies Centre - Tel: 01634 332714
Historical Information:After the First World War, an appropriate way had to be found of commemorating those members of the Royal Navy who had no known grave, the majority of deaths having occurred at sea where no permanent memorial could be provided. An Admiralty committee recommended that the three manning ports in Great Britain - Chatham, Plymouth and Portsmouth - should each have an identical memorial of unmistakable naval form, an obelisk, which would serve as a leading mark for shipping. The memorials were designed by Sir Robert Lorimer, who had already carried out a considerable amount of work for the Commission, with sculpture by Henry Poole. It was unveiled on 26 April 1924. After the Second World War it was decided that the naval memorials should be extended to provide space for commemorating the naval dead without graves of that war, but since the three sites were dissimilar, a different architectural treatment was required for each. The architect for the Second World War extension at Chatham was Sir Edward Maufe (who also designed the Air Forces memorial at Runnymede) and the additional sculpture was by Charles Wheeler and William McMillan. Chatham Naval Memorial commemorates 8,517 sailors of the First World War and 10,098 of the Second World War.
Francis Annesley, 6th Earl of Annesley, was the only son of Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley and his first wife, Mabel Markham. He was born on February 25, 1884 at Castlewellan, Kilmegan, County Down, Ireland. On February 14, 1909 he married Evelyn Hester Mundy. They had no children.[1]
He was a sub-lieutenant in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve. Later he joined the Royal Flying Corps. He was last seen alive on November 6, 1914 leaving England in his plane bound for France. He was never seen again.[2]
Between 1884 and 1908 he was styled as Viscount Glerawly. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. He succeeded as Earl on December 15, 1908.
Before obtaining his age of majority he sailed from Liverpool to Vancouver, around Cape Horn, serving as a sailor before the mast. Later he crossed the Atlantic on board a three-masted schooner yacht Karina as one of the guests of Robert E. Todd of the New York Yacht club.[3]
Prior to joining the Royal Flying Corps he distinguished himself with his armed motorcar in helping to check the advance of the Germans upon Brussels and Antwerp. At the time of his death his annual income was estimated at $200,000 per year.
References
1.^ www.thepeerage.com
2.^ www.thepeerage.com
3.^ The New York Times, September 26, 1915
ANNESLEY, FRANCIS, Earl Of, Ty/Sub Lieutenant, RNVR, Royal Naval Air Service, 5 November 1914, air crash UK
NoSurnameRankService NumberDate Of DeathAgeRegiment/ServiceNationalityGrave/Memorial Ref.Cemetery/Memorial Name
1 ANNESLEY , FRANCIS Sub-Lieutenant 05/11/1914 30Royal Naval Air ServiceUnited Kingdom8.
CHATHAM NAVAL MEMORIAL Page 1
Cemetery Details
Cemetery:CHATHAM NAVAL MEMORIAL
Country:United Kingdom
Locality:Kent
Visiting Information:As a result of constant vandalism at the Memorial, the Commonwealth War Graves Commission has had to arrange for it to be regularly patrolled and public access limited to the period from 08.30 to 17.00. Should for any reason the Memorial be closed during the stated hours, please telephone the Guard Room at Brompton Barracks on 01634 822442 who will arrange for the gates to be opened. Any inconvenience to visitors is greatly regretted.
Location Information:From the Brompton Barracks Chatham - At the traffic signals turn right onto Globe Lane - A231 (signposted Historic Dockyards ). Keep in left hand lane then turn left onto Dock Road (signposted Gillingham). At roundabout take the 2nd exit onto Wood Street - A231 (signposted Gillingham). Turn Right on Mansion Row (The memorial is signposted from here), then 1st left on Sally Port Gardens and finally 1st right on King s Bastion. Follow road through the housing estate, the car park to the memorial is at the end of this road. The Memorial overlooks the town of Chatham and is approached by a steep path from the Town Hall Gardens. A copy of the Memorial Register is kept in the Naval Chapel of Brompton Garrison Church and may be consulted there. The keys to the church are held at the Gate House, which is always manned. Copies of the Memorial Register may also be consulted at: Chatham Library - Tel: 01634 843589 Medway Archives & Local Studies Centre - Tel: 01634 332714
Historical Information:After the First World War, an appropriate way had to be found of commemorating those members of the Royal Navy who had no known grave, the majority of deaths having occurred at sea where no permanent memorial could be provided. An Admiralty committee recommended that the three manning ports in Great Britain - Chatham, Plymouth and Portsmouth - should each have an identical memorial of unmistakable naval form, an obelisk, which would serve as a leading mark for shipping. The memorials were designed by Sir Robert Lorimer, who had already carried out a considerable amount of work for the Commission, with sculpture by Henry Poole. It was unveiled on 26 April 1924. After the Second World War it was decided that the naval memorials should be extended to provide space for commemorating the naval dead without graves of that war, but since the three sites were dissimilar, a different architectural treatment was required for each. The architect for the Second World War extension at Chatham was Sir Edward Maufe (who also designed the Air Forces memorial at Runnymede) and the additional sculpture was by Charles Wheeler and William McMillan. Chatham Naval Memorial commemorates 8,517 sailors of the First World War and 10,098 of the Second World War.
Francis Annesley, 6th Earl of Annesley, was the only son of Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley and his first wife, Mabel Markham. He was born on February 25, 1884 at Castlewellan, Kilmegan, County Down, Ireland. On February 14, 1909 he married Evelyn Hester Mundy. They had no children.[1]
He was a sub-lieutenant in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve. Later he joined the Royal Flying Corps. He was last seen alive on November 6, 1914 leaving England in his plane bound for France. He was never seen again.[2]
Between 1884 and 1908 he was styled as Viscount Glerawly. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. He succeeded as Earl on December 15, 1908.
Before obtaining his age of majority he sailed from Liverpool to Vancouver, around Cape Horn, serving as a sailor before the mast. Later he crossed the Atlantic on board a three-masted schooner yacht Karina as one of the guests of Robert E. Todd of the New York Yacht club.[3]
Prior to joining the Royal Flying Corps he distinguished himself with his armed motorcar in helping to check the advance of the Germans upon Brussels and Antwerp. At the time of his death his annual income was estimated at $200,000 per year.
References
1.^ www.thepeerage.com
2.^ www.thepeerage.com
3.^ The New York Times, September 26, 1915
Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley1
M, #11833, b. 29 November 1838, d. 20 July 1875
Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley|b. 29 Nov 1838\nd. 20 Jul 1875|p1184.htm#i11833|William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley|b. 16 Jul 1772\nd. 25 Aug 1838|p1164.htm#i11636|Priscilla Cecilia Moore|b. 8 Sep 1808\nd. 29 Mar 1891|p1164.htm#i11639|Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley|b. 14 Apr 1745\nd. 9 Nov 1824|p3100.htm#i30995|Anne Lambert|b. 1752\nd. 30 Jun 1822|p8215.htm#i82150|Colonel Hugh Moore|b. 1762\nd. 29 Jul 1848|p1164.htm#i11640|Priscilla C. Armitage||p1165.htm#i11649|
Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley was born posthumously on 29 November 1838.2
He was the son of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley and Priscilla Cecilia Moore.1 He married Caroline Mears, daughter of John Mears, on 16 May 1860.1,2 He died on 20 July 1875 at age 36.1
Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley lived at Painswick, Gloucestershire, England.2
Children of Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley and Caroline Mears
"Sarah Annesley2 d. 17 Oct 1938
"Florence Cecilia Annesley2 d. 22 Jun 1959
"Katherine Maud Annesley2 d. 29 Dec 1952
"Walter Beresford Annesley, 7th Earl Annesley+1 b. 10 Feb 1861, d. 7 Jul 1934
William Octavius Beresford Annesley was Arthur Annesley s brother
M, #11833, b. 29 November 1838, d. 20 July 1875
Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley|b. 29 Nov 1838\nd. 20 Jul 1875|p1184.htm#i11833|William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley|b. 16 Jul 1772\nd. 25 Aug 1838|p1164.htm#i11636|Priscilla Cecilia Moore|b. 8 Sep 1808\nd. 29 Mar 1891|p1164.htm#i11639|Richard Annesley, 2nd Earl Annesley|b. 14 Apr 1745\nd. 9 Nov 1824|p3100.htm#i30995|Anne Lambert|b. 1752\nd. 30 Jun 1822|p8215.htm#i82150|Colonel Hugh Moore|b. 1762\nd. 29 Jul 1848|p1164.htm#i11640|Priscilla C. Armitage||p1165.htm#i11649|
Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley was born posthumously on 29 November 1838.2
He was the son of William Richard Annesley, 3rd Earl Annesley and Priscilla Cecilia Moore.1 He married Caroline Mears, daughter of John Mears, on 16 May 1860.1,2 He died on 20 July 1875 at age 36.1
Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley lived at Painswick, Gloucestershire, England.2
Children of Hon. William Octavius Beresford Annesley and Caroline Mears
"Sarah Annesley2 d. 17 Oct 1938
"Florence Cecilia Annesley2 d. 22 Jun 1959
"Katherine Maud Annesley2 d. 29 Dec 1952
"Walter Beresford Annesley, 7th Earl Annesley+1 b. 10 Feb 1861, d. 7 Jul 1934
William Octavius Beresford Annesley was Arthur Annesley s brother
Arthur s niece, Lady Constance and Sister-inlaw - Countess Priscilla Annesley Interesting Reading
Malleson, Lady Constance, 1895-
Annesley, Priscilla, Countess
French, Percy, 1854-1920
Lady Constance Malleson fonds. -- 1890-1975. -- 3 m of textual records and graphic material.
Lady Constance Malleson, actress and author, was born on 24 October 1895 in Castewellan castle, the country home of her parents, Hugh, the 5th Earl Annesley and his wife Priscilla. Constance Malleson was educated in Dresden and Paris as well as the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts in London. She acted in many West End productions in London, as well as in repertory theatre, using the stage name of Colette O Niel. She also appeared in the two films Hindle Wakes and The Admirable Crichton. Colette toured South Africa with Dame Sybil Thorndike and Sir Lewis Casson in 1928; later on in 1932 she toured the Middle East with them. In 1915 she had married Miles Malleson. They divorced in 1923. She worked for various social causes, including mental hospital reform and the blood supply system. Opposed to World War I, she met Bertrand Russell through her association with the No-Conscription Fellowship. She lectured in Sweden in 1936-37 and in Finland during 1941 and 1946. She wrote several books including the autobiographical After Ten Years (1931).
Her sister, Mabel M. Annesley was a well-known wood-engraver; Constance Malleson edited her unfinished autobiography, As the Sight Is Bent. She died on 5 October 1975 in Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk.
Priscilla, Countess Annesley was the wife of Hugh, the 5th Earl of Annesley. After the death of her husband, Priscilla began a long affair with Prince Henry of Prussia. Percy French married Priscilla s sister, Ettie Armitage-Moore, in 1890. French was an accomplished painter, poet, singer and composer.
The fonds consists of manuscripts and typescripts; correspondence (includes personal, Bertrand Russell, legal, and newspapers); theatre material; book and journals; reviews of her books; and photographs (many of them theatrical) created by and for Constance Malleson in her life as an actress and writer. The fonds also contains manuscripts, photograph albums containing watercolours by Percy French and other materials belonging to Priscilla, Lady Annesley, which document her life as a member of the Anglo-Irish aristocracy. The fonds has been arranged into six series: manuscripts and typescripts; correspondence; theatre-related material; reviews of books and articles; photographs, art-work and realia; books, printed materials and books; Priscilla, Lady Annesley.
Malleson, Lady Constance, 1895-
Annesley, Priscilla, Countess
French, Percy, 1854-1920
Lady Constance Malleson fonds. -- 1890-1975. -- 3 m of textual records and graphic material.
Lady Constance Malleson, actress and author, was born on 24 October 1895 in Castewellan castle, the country home of her parents, Hugh, the 5th Earl Annesley and his wife Priscilla. Constance Malleson was educated in Dresden and Paris as well as the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts in London. She acted in many West End productions in London, as well as in repertory theatre, using the stage name of Colette O Niel. She also appeared in the two films Hindle Wakes and The Admirable Crichton. Colette toured South Africa with Dame Sybil Thorndike and Sir Lewis Casson in 1928; later on in 1932 she toured the Middle East with them. In 1915 she had married Miles Malleson. They divorced in 1923. She worked for various social causes, including mental hospital reform and the blood supply system. Opposed to World War I, she met Bertrand Russell through her association with the No-Conscription Fellowship. She lectured in Sweden in 1936-37 and in Finland during 1941 and 1946. She wrote several books including the autobiographical After Ten Years (1931).
Her sister, Mabel M. Annesley was a well-known wood-engraver; Constance Malleson edited her unfinished autobiography, As the Sight Is Bent. She died on 5 October 1975 in Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk.
Priscilla, Countess Annesley was the wife of Hugh, the 5th Earl of Annesley. After the death of her husband, Priscilla began a long affair with Prince Henry of Prussia. Percy French married Priscilla s sister, Ettie Armitage-Moore, in 1890. French was an accomplished painter, poet, singer and composer.
The fonds consists of manuscripts and typescripts; correspondence (includes personal, Bertrand Russell, legal, and newspapers); theatre material; book and journals; reviews of her books; and photographs (many of them theatrical) created by and for Constance Malleson in her life as an actress and writer. The fonds also contains manuscripts, photograph albums containing watercolours by Percy French and other materials belonging to Priscilla, Lady Annesley, which document her life as a member of the Anglo-Irish aristocracy. The fonds has been arranged into six series: manuscripts and typescripts; correspondence; theatre-related material; reviews of books and articles; photographs, art-work and realia; books, printed materials and books; Priscilla, Lady Annesley.
His son Claude would have been born after his death
